What is the full form of ABG

ABG is abbreviation of Arterial Blood Gas.

• It denotes to a test that is made to measure the levels of the oxygen (O2) and carbon and acidity (pH) in the human body blood of an artery.
• This test identify how effective your lungs are in moving oxygen into the blood and eliminating carbon dioxide (CO2) from the blood.
• When blood travels through the lungs, oxygen from the air in the lungs enters the bloodstream, while carbon dioxide from the bloodstream exits the lungs.

Blood is sampled from an artery before it penetrates bodily tissues in this test. It measures or provides you with the following information:

• Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂): It’s the amount of oxygen dissolved in arterial blood pressure. The oxygen pressure indicates how quickly oxygen leaves the lungs and enters the bloodstream.
• Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂): It is the pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolved in the arterial bloodstream. It shows how efficiently the Carbon dioxide transfers out of the blood into the lungs.
• pH: It is a measure of the hydrogen ions (H+)/pH in the blood. pH less than 7.0 indicates acidic solution and more than 7.0 indicates basic/alkaline in nature. Generally arterial blood pH ranges from 7.38 to 7.42. So, it is somewhat basic in nature.
• Bicarbonate (HCO³): It is a buffer that supports to maintain the pH of blood.
• Oxygen content (O₂CT) and oxygen saturation (O2Sat) values

• The Normal values of an Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) test are as follows:

• pH= 7.35 to 7.45
• Bicarbonate: 22 to 26 mEq/L
• Partial pressure of oxygen: 80 to 100 mmHg
• Partial pressure of carbon dioxide: 35 to 45 mmHg
• Oxygen saturation: 95 to 100 %

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